Apagada docs

For some time I felt enthusiastic about this BASIC compiler designed back in the VisualBasic 3.x times, as a solution to easily program Windows. But laziness beat me, I stopped using it, and, when I felt strong enough to return to Xbasic I discovered it was not so easy as it seemed…

This program generates all possible knight trips ('caballo' is the Spanish word for the chess knight). I used Xbasic to speed up things and allow for special data types, such as BYTE, to save memory.

The movements are output to a text file, and can be interpreted with a qbasic program such as the one shown below. I made a javascript program to allow player try to interactively solve knight trips, also.

Please notice the attached file does not contain the english comments.

xbcaballo.x.txt

'
'
' ####################
' #####  PROLOG  #####
' ####################
'
PROGRAM	"xbCaballo"  ' 1-8 char program/file name without .x or any .extent
VERSION	"1.1000"    ' version number - increment before saving altered program
'
' You can stop the PDE from inserting the following PROLOG comment lines
' by removing them from the prolog.xxx file in your \xb\xxx directory.
'
' Programs contain:  1: PROLOG          - no executable code - see below
'                    2: Entry function  - start execution at 1st declared func
' * = optional       3: Other functions - everything else - all other functions
'
' The PROLOG contains (in this order):
' * 1. Program name statement             PROGRAM "progname"
' * 2. Version number statement           VERSION "0.0000"
' * 3. Import library statements          IMPORT  "libName"
' * 4. Composite type definitions         TYPE <typename> ... END TYPE
'   5. Internal function declarations     DECLARE/INTERNAL FUNCTION Func (args)
' * 6. External function declarations     EXTERNAL FUNCTION FuncName (args)
' * 7. Shared constant definitions        $$ConstantName = literal or constant
' * 8. Shared variable declarations       SHARED  variable
'
' ******  Comment libraries in/out as needed  *****
'
'	IMPORT	"xma"   ' Math library     : SIN/ASIN/SINH/ASINH/LOG/EXP/SQRT...
'	IMPORT	"xcm"   ' Complex library  : complex number library  (trig, etc)
	IMPORT	"xst"   ' Standard library : required by most programs
'	IMPORT	"xgr"   ' GraphicsDesigner : required by GuiDesigner programs
'	IMPORT	"xui"   ' GuiDesigner      : required by GuiDesigner programs
'
 
DECLARE FUNCTION  Entry ()
DECLARE FUNCTION  ProbarDirec ()
DECLARE FUNCTION  SBYTE Matriz (SSHORT X, SSHORT Y)
DECLARE FUNCTION  RecorrerInversoEImprimir (SSHORT X, SSHORT Y)
DECLARE FUNCTION  MostrarSolucion (S$)
DECLARE FUNCTION  SSHORT Cargarsolucion ()
 
SHARED SBYTE VengoDe[64]
'
'
' ######################
' #####  Entry ()  #####
' ######################
'
' Programs contain:
'   1. A PROLOG with type/function/constant declarations.
'   2. This Entry() function where execution begins.
'   3. Zero or more additional functions.
'
FUNCTION  Entry ()
SHARED SBYTE VengoDe[64] 
    'Vengode (=ICamefrom[] ) contains the 64 squares in jump order.
SHARED SBYTE MovimientoX[7]	
SHARED SBYTE MovimientoY[7]
    ' MovimientoX and MovimientoY contain the destination X and Y coordinates
    ' of each possible movement.
AUTO SBYTE X
AUTO SBYTE Y
AUTO SBYTE NextX
AUTO SBYTE NextY
SHARED SBYTE Puntero
 
MovimientoY[0]=-2:MovimientoX[0]=1
MovimientoY[1]=-1:MovimientoX[1]=2
MovimientoY[2]=1:MovimientoX[2]=2
MovimientoY[3]=2:MovimientoX[3]=1
MovimientoY[4]=2:MovimientoX[4]=-1
MovimientoY[5]=1:MovimientoX[5]=-2
MovimientoY[6]=-1:MovimientoX[6]=-2
MovimientoY[7]=-2:MovimientoX[7]=-1
 
VengoDe[0]=-1
 
'Idea:
'Increase one by one directions
' Direccion=0
' Test whether destination coordinates for direction are inside board or not.
' If they are offbounds, jump to end of loop: Direccion=Direccion+1
' Test whether or not coordinates carry us to an unvisited square  (VengoDe=-3)
' If visited (>=0), jump to end of loop: Direccion=Direccion+1
' If unvisited (=-3),
'		X=X+DireccionX[Direccion]
'		Y=Y+DireccionY[Direccion]
'		VengoDe[X,Y]=Direccion.
'   Increase direction pointer (Puntero). Test it is < 64.
'   If it is 64, travel backwards and print it.
'		Return to start of loop, with direccion=0
'END OF LOOP (Direccion=Direccion+1)
' If direccion>= 8
' Take VengoDe and Mark current square as free.
'Return backwards using (VengoDe+4 MOD 8)
'Reduce address pointer (Puntero).
 
'1-Mark all squares as free.
FOR F=0 TO 64
	VengoDe[F]=-3
NEXT F
 
 
'Recover old solutions--this allows program to run in batch mode.
	SI$=INLINE$("Do you want to recover solutions from file (Y/N)?")
	RESP=0
	DO WHILE RESP=0
		IF (UCASE$(SI$)="S") OR (UCASE$(SI$)="Y") THEN RESP=1
		IF UCASE$(SI$)="N" THEN RESP=-1
	LOOP
	IF RESP=1 THEN
		R=Cargarsolucion()
		IF R<>-1 THEN
			X=R MOD 8
			Y=INT(R / 8)
			GOTO RecienCargado
		END IF
	END IF
 
'Variable initialization
	Puntero=0
	X=0
	Y=0
 
'Main Loop
DO
  NextX=X+MovimientoX[Direccion]
  NextY=Y+MovimientoY[Direccion]
  ' Test if coordinates for direction Direccion are valid
	' If unvisited (=-3),
  Mat=Matriz(NextX,NextY)
	'PRINT SPACE$(Puntero+1)+STRING$(Direccion)+"["+STRING$(Puntero)+"]"
	IF Mat=-3 THEN
		X=NextX
		Y=NextY
    VengoDe[Y*8+X]=Direccion
		Direccion=0
    Puntero=Puntero+1
 
'We reach this point after loading old solutions
RecienCargado:
    IF Puntero=63 THEN
			RecorrerInversoEImprimir(X,Y)
			GOSUB Retroceso
		END IF
	ELSE
		Direccion=Direccion+1
		DO WHILE Direccion>=8
			GOSUB Retroceso
		LOOP
	END IF
LOOP
'
'
'Retroceso = Go backwards.
'This sub allows us to go backwards one (or more) steps and try next solution.
'
SUB Retroceso
			VengoDesde=Matriz(X,Y)
			VengoDe[Y*8+X]=-3
    	'If vengoDesde contains an illegal value, chances are that we have ended.
	    IF VengoDesde<0 THEN EXIT FUNCTION
  	'If "Puntero" (pointer) is -1, chances are that we have ended.
    	Puntero=Puntero-1
	    IF Puntero<0 THEN EXIT FUNCTION
    	X=X+MovimientoX[(VengoDesde+4) MOD 8]
		  Y=Y+MovimientoY[(VengoDesde+4) MOD 8]
			Direccion=VengoDesde+1
END SUB
 
 
 
 
END FUNCTION
'
'
' ############################
' #####  ProbarDirec ()  #####
' ############################
'
FUNCTION  ProbarDirec ()
SHARED SBYTE MovimientoX[]
SHARED SBYTE MovimientoY[]
FOR f=0 TO 7
	FOR g=-2 TO 2
    Q$="|"
		FOR h=-2 TO 2
	    IF (h=MovimientoX[f]) AND (g=MovimientoY[f]) THEN
				Q$=Q$+"*"
			ELSE
				IF (h=0) AND (g=0) THEN
					Q$=Q$+"X"
				ELSE
          IF (h=MovimientoX[(f+4) MOD 8]) AND (g=MovimientoY[(f+4) MOD 8]) THEN
						Q$=Q$+"@"
		      ELSE
						Q$=Q$+" "
					END IF
 				END IF
			END IF
			Q$=Q$+"|"
		NEXT h
    PRINT Q$
    Q$="-"
		FOR h=-2 TO 2
			Q$=Q$+"--"
    NEXT
    PRINT Q$
  NEXT g
	PRINT
	PRINT f
	X$=INLINE$(X$)
NEXT f
END FUNCTION
'
'
' #######################
' #####  Matriz ()  #####
' #######################
'
FUNCTION  SBYTE Matriz (SSHORT X, SSHORT Y)
SHARED SBYTE VengoDe[]
	IF X<0 THEN RETURN -2
  IF X>=8 THEN RETURN -2
  IF Y<0 THEN RETURN -2
  IF Y>=8 THEN RETURN -2
	'PRINT Y*8+X;"=>";
	'PRINT VengoDe[Y*8+X]
  RETURN (VengoDe[Y*8+X])
END FUNCTION
'
'
' #########################################
' #####  RecorrerInversoEImprimir ()  #####
' #########################################
'
FUNCTION  RecorrerInversoEImprimir (SSHORT X, SSHORT Y)
SHARED SBYTE MovimientoX[]
SHARED SBYTE MovimientoY[]
ofile=OPEN ("SALTOSCABALLO.TXT",$$RW)
SEEK (ofile,LOF(ofile))
P$=""
Direc=Matriz(X,Y)
DO WHILE Direc>=0
	P$=STR$(Direc)+P$
	X=X+MovimientoX[(Direc+4) MOD 8]
	Y=Y+MovimientoY[(Direc+4) MOD 8]
	Direc=Matriz(X,Y)
LOOP
PRINT P$
PRINT [ofile],P$
CLOSE (ofile)
' Un-comment this to show solution in a chess board.
' MostrarSolucion(Solu1$)
 
END FUNCTION
'
'
' ################################
' #####  MostrarSolucion ()  #####
' ################################
'
FUNCTION  MostrarSolucion (S$)
SHARED SBYTE MovimientoX[]
SHARED SBYTE MovimientoY[]
SBYTE Mat[8,8]
SBYTE Dir
SBYTE X
SBYTE Y
UBYTE P
Tablero$=""
X=0:Y=0:P=0
	FOR f=1 TO LEN(S$) STEP 2
		Mat[X,Y]=P
		P=P+1
		Dir=SBYTE(MID$(S$,f,2))
		X=X+MovimientoX[Dir]
		Y=Y+MovimientoY[Dir]
	NEXT f
	Mat[X,Y]=P
	FOR X=0 TO 7
		L1$=""
		L2$=""
		FOR Y=0 TO 7
			L1$=L1$+RIGHT$(STR$(Mat[X,Y]),2)+"|"
      L2$=L2$+"---"
		NEXT Y
		Tablero$=Tablero$+L1$+"\n"+L2$+"\n"
	NEXT X
	PRINT Tablero$
END FUNCTION
'
'
' ###############################
' #####  Cargarsolucion ()  #####
' ###############################
'
FUNCTION USHORT   Cargarsolucion ()
SHARED SBYTE VengoDe[]
SHARED SBYTE MovimientoX[]
SHARED SBYTE MovimientoY[]
SBYTE Dir
SHARED SBYTE Puntero
AUTO SBYTE X
AUTO SBYTE Y
SSHORT ifile
 
	ifile=OPEN ("SALTOSCABALLO.TXT",$$RD)
	IF ifile=-1 THEN RETURN -1
 
	longitud=LOF(ifile)
	IF longitud=0 THEN
		CLOSE (ifile)
		XstDeleteFile("SALTOSCABALLO.TXT")
		RETURN -1
	END IF
 
	PRINT "RELOADING LAST POSITION FROM FILE"
	Line1$=""
	DO
		Line2$=Line1$
		Line1$=INFILE$(ifile)
	LOOP WHILE NOT EOF(ifile)
 
 
	X=0:Y=0:Dir=0:Puntero=0
	FOR f=1 TO LEN(Line2$) STEP 2
		IF Matriz(X,Y)<>-3 THEN
			PRINT "ERROR -- INVALID FILE OR DATA"
			GOSUB VaciaTablero
			RETURN -1
		END IF
		VengoDe[Y*8+X]=Dir
		Puntero=Puntero+1
		Dir=SBYTE(MID$(Line2$,f,2))
		X=X+MovimientoX[Dir]
		Y=Y+MovimientoY[Dir]
 
	NEXT f
	VengoDe[Y*8+X]=Dir
 
	PRINT "Data successfuly loaded"
 
	RETURN Y*8+X
 
	SUB VaciaTablero
		FOR f=0 TO 63
			VengoDe[f]=-3
		NEXT f
	END SUB
 
END FUNCTION
END PROGRAM

prsalc.bas

'Trying the xbasic knight trip program.
Direcciones:
DATA 1,-2: '0 - at one
DATA 2,-1: '1 - at two
DATA 2,1: '2 - at four
DATA 1,2: '3 - at five
DATA -1,2: '4- at seven
DATA -2,1: '5- at eight
DATA -2,-1: '6 - at ten
DATA -1,-2: '7- At eleven
 
Saltos:
'Imported from saltoscaballo.txt, generated by xbasic's xcaballo.bas
DATA 2,1,2,3,4,3,6,0: '
DATA 0,5,2,4,5,0,0,0: '
DATA 5,0,5,2,0,5,4,4: '
DATA 1,2,4,6,5,6,0,0: '
DATA 0,3,0,5,6,4,2,7: '
DATA 4,3,4,1,0,6,7,1: '
DATA 4,4,3,2,0,7,4,4: '
DATA 7,1,0,3,4,2,1: '
DIM movimientox(0 TO 7)
DIM movimientoy(0 TO 7)
RESTORE Direcciones
FOR f = 0 TO 7
    READ movimientox(f), movimientoy(f)
NEXT
CLS
FOR x = 0 TO 7
    FOR y = 0 TO 7
    LOCATE y * 2 + 1, x * 3 + 1
    PRINT "  |"
    LOCATE y * 2 + 2, x * 3 + 1
    PRINT "---"
    NEXT y
NEXT x
 
RESTORE Saltos
x = 0: y = 0
FOR f = 0 TO 63
    LOCATE y * 2 + 1, x * 3 + 1
    PRINT USING "##|"; f
    LOCATE y * 2 + 2, x * 3 + 1
    PRINT "---"
    IF f < 63 THEN READ salto
    x = x + movimientox(salto)
    y = y + movimientoy(salto)
    SLEEP 0
NEXT f